Atlas of Habitats

individual

0.0002 m³

at 1 m

48.2ºN

A33 [widespread] web

fibre

weaving

impermeable

invertebrates

A33 [widespread] web

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Introduction

Austria
Prater Park
48,21594° N, 16,39518° O
10/06/2024, 1:14 pm

This spider web stretches across a large opening in the bark of an old tree. Upon the web, the spider waits, alert, its legs sensitive to the slightest vibration. The web serves not only as a trap for insects, but also as an extension of the spider's senses, transmitting information about the world beyond the bark. When a fly or moth becomes ensnared in the web, the spider moves to secure its prey, wrapping it in more silk. This multifunctional habitat supports the spider’s daily needs – offering safety, sustenance, and a space for reproduction.

Micro Climate

A spider web creates its own microclimate that influences temperature, humidity, and airflow. Its silk threads can retain moisture, helping maintain humidity levels, which is beneficial for the spider. The web's structure also moderates airflow, providing some insulation from external weather conditions. This microclimate helps create a stable environment for the spider's survival, aiding in both rest and hunting efficiency.

Material

The web is made of silk, a protein-based material produced by specialized glands in spiders. This silk is incredibly strong, lightweight and flexible, allowing the web to withstand environmental stress. It serves various purposes, including trapping prey, building shelters, and protecting eggs. The bark opening, a hollow created by decay, provides an ideal location for the web. It offers shelter from the wind and rain, ensuring that the web remains intact, even during storms. The tree's textured bark adds to the web's camouflage.

Location

The Prater in Vienna is a rich natural habitat that supports a diverse range of wildlife.

Its dense woodlands, meandering trails, and waterways create ideal conditions for various species. The Prater spans about 1,200 hectares and is home to over 2,500 trees. The forest's abundant vegetation offers food and shelter, while the varied microhabitats foster ecological diversity. Situated near the Danube River, the Prater forest plays a crucial role in maintaining the region's sustainability and environmental balance.

Construction

A spider constructs its web by first releasing a silk line to create an anchor point. It then spins a frame and radial lines, which act as the web’s structural support. After securing the framework, the spider adds a spiral of non-sticky silk for movement. Finally, it spins a sticky spiral from the center outward, designed to capture prey. The spider regularly rebuilds or repairs the web to maintain its strength and effectiveness.